Floresta e Ambiente
https://floram.org/article/doi/10.1590/2179-8087.025818
Floresta e Ambiente
Original Article Conservation of Nature

Socioeconomic Changes and Land Use and Land Cover of the Northern Region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Ivan Luís Rovani; Vanderlei Secretti Decian; Elisabete Maria Zanin; Marciana Brandalise; Franciele Rosset Quadros; Luiz Ubiratan Hepp

Downloads: 1
Views: 1263

Abstract

Abstract: The dynamics of land use and cover at different spatial and temporal scales allows us to evaluate changes in landscapes, socioeconomic system and impacts on the natural environment. Land use and land cover changes and socioeconomic activities of the Northern Region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil were analyzed over a 20-year scale. Using images from the Landsat 5 sensor TM, land use and land cover maps were obtained for 1991, 2001 and 2011, in which agricultural uses, native vegetation and pasture presented a significant difference between the years. We identified two scenarios for the region: the northern portion presents a reduction in agricultural areas and an increase in pasture and native vegetation, while the southern portion presents a constancy of agricultural areas. The predominant agricultural uses and socioeconomic factors determined the major changes in landscape structure. The effects of these changes resulted in a reduction in the area of agricultural uses and expansion of native vegetation and pasture areas.

Keywords

replacement use, rural exodus, environmental legislation, agricultural uses, environmental management

References

Aide TM, Grau HR. Globalization, migration, and Latin American ecosystems. Science 2004; 305(5692): 1915-1916. 10.1126/science.1103179

Alvares CA, Stape JL, Sentelhas PC, Gonçalves JLM, Sparovek G. Koppen’s climate classification map for Brazil. Meteorologische Zeitschrift 2013; 22(6): 711-728. 10.1127/0941-2948/2013/0507

Benetti MD. O agronegócio gaúcho entre os anos 1980 e 2008. In: Conceição OAC, Grando MZ, Teruchkin SU, Faria LAE, editors. Três décadas de economia gaúcha: vol. 2, o movimento da produção. Porto Alegre: FEE; 2010. p. 59-92.

Bossard M, Feranec J, Otahel J. Corine land cover technical guide: addendum 2000. Copenhagen: Europen Environment Agency; May 2000. (Technical Report, 40).

Brasil. Lei nº 4.771, de 15 de setembro de 1965. Institui o Código Florestal Brasileiro. Diário Oficial da União, Brasília, DF (1965 Sept. 16); Sec. 1: 9529.

Brasil. Lei nº 9.605, de 12 de fevereiro de 1998. Lei de Crimes Ambientais. Dispõe sobre as sanções penais e administrativas derivadas de condutas e atividades lesivas ao meio ambiente, e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da União, Brasília, DF (1998 Feb. 13); Sec. 1: 1.

Brasil. Lei nº 12.651, de 25 de maio de 2012. Dispõe sobre a proteção da vegetação nativa; altera as Leis nº 6.938, de 31 de agosto de 1981, 9.393, de 19 de dezembro de 1996, e 11.428, de 22 de dezembro de 2006; revoga as Leis 4.771, de 15 de setembro de 1965, e 7.754, de 14 de abril de 1989, e a Medida Provisória nº 2.166-67, de 24 de agosto de 2001, e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da União, Brasília, DF (2012a May 28); Sec. 1: 1.

Brasil. Decreto nº 7.830, de 17 de outubro de 2012. Dispõe sobre o Sistema de Cadastro Ambiental Rural, o Cadastro Ambiental Rural, estabelece normas de caráter geral aos Programas de Regularização Ambiental, de que trata a Lei nº 12.651, de 25 de maio de 2012; e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da União, Brasília, DF (2012b Oct. 18); Sec. 1; 5.

Casão R Jr, Araújo AG, Llanillo RF. Plantio direto no Sul do Brasil: fatores que facilitaram a evolução do sistema e o desenvolvimento da mecanização conservacionista. Londrina: Iapar; 2012.

Cohen JA. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement 1960; 20(1): 37-46. 10.1177/001316446002000104

Decian VS, Zanin EM, Henke-Oliveira C, Rosset-Quadros F, Ferrari C. Uso e ocupação da terra na região Alto Uruguai do Rio Grande do Sul e obtenção de banco de dados relacional de fragmentos de vegetação arbórea. Perspectiva 2009; 33(121): 165-176.

Deininger K, Byerlee D, Lindsay J, Norton A, Selod H, Stickler M. Rising global interest in farmland: can it yield sustainable and equitable benefits? Washington, DC: The World Bank; 2011.

Díaz GI, Nahuelhual L, Echeverría C, Marin S. Drivers of land abandonment in Southern Chile and implications for landscape planning. Landscape and Urban Planning 2011; 99(3-4): 207-217. 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.11.005

Eastman JR. IDRISI Selva Manual. Worcester: Clark University; 2012.

Figueiredo J, Pereira HM. Regime shifts in a socio-ecological model of farmland abandonment. Landscape Ecology 2011; 26: 737-749. 10.1007/s10980-011-9605-3

Geri F, Rocchini D, Chiarucci A. Landscape metrics and topographical determinants of large-scale forest dynamics in a Mediterranean landscape. Landscape and Urban Planning 2010; 95(1-2): 46-53. 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.12.001

Gerlak AK. Policy interactions in human-landscape systems. Environmental Management 2014; 53(1): 67-75. 10.1007/s00267-013-0068-y

Grau R, Aide TM, Zimmerman JK, Thomlinson JR, Helmer E, Zou X. The ecological consequences of socioeconomic and land use change in postagriculture Puerto Rico. BioScience 2003; 53(12): 1159-1168. 10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[1159:TECOSA]2.0.CO;2

Grau R, Kuemmerle T, Macchi L. Beyond “land sparing versus land sharing”: environmental heterogeneity, globalization and the balance between agricultural production and nature conservation. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 2013; 5(5): 477-483. 10.1016/j.cosust.2013.06.001

Guida-Johnson B, Zuleta GA. Land-use land-cover change and ecosystem loss in the Espinal ecoregion, Argentina. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2013; 181: 31-40. 10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.002

Hernández A, Miranda M, Arellano EC, Saura S, Ovalle C. Landscape dynamics and their effect on the functional connectivity of a Mediterranean landscape in Chile. Ecological Indicators 2015; 48: 198-206. 10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.08.010

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE. Censo demográfico 1991 [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; 1991 [cited 2018 Feb. 22]. Available from: Available from: https://bit.ly/3bRMesP

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE. Censo demográfico 2000 [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; 2000 [cited 2018 Feb. 22]. Available from: Available from: https://bit.ly/3ayDDKZ

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE. Censo agropecuário 2006: Brasil, grandes regiões e unidades da federação [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; 2006 [cited 2018 Mar. 14]. Available from: Available from: https://bit.ly/2ISOkMs

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE. Censo demográfico 2010 [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; 2010 [cited 2018 Feb. 22]. Available from: Available from: https://bit.ly/38W0IWy

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE. Manual técnico de uso da terra [Internet]. 3rd ed. Manuais Técnicos em Geociências. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; 2013 [cited 2018 Mar. 14]. (Manuais Técnicos em Geociências, 7). Available from: Available from: https://bit.ly/2Qls2qW

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE. Estimativas da população [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; 2019 [cited 2020 Mar. 28]. Available from: Available from: https://bit.ly/2wRfdxT

Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - INPE. Aquisição de imagens de satélite TM/Landsat5 [Internet]. São José dos Campos: INPE; 2013 [cited 2017 Oct. 11]. Available from: Available from: https://bit.ly/2TW3E1d

Izquierdo AE, Grau HR. Agriculture adjustment, land-use transition and protected areas in Northwestern Argentina. Journal of Environmental Management 2009; 90(2): 858-865. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.02.013

Lambin EF, Meyfroidt P. Land use transitions: socio-ecological feedback versus socio-economic change. Land Use Policy 2010; 27(2): 108-118. 10.1016/j.landusepol.2009.09.003

Lee JS, Grunes MR. Feature classification using multi-look polarimetric SAR imagery. In: International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium; 1992; Houston. New York: IEEE; 1992. p. 77-79. 10.1109/IGARSS.1992.576631

Liu Y. Introduction to land use and rural sustainability in China. Land Use Policy 2018; 74: 1-4. 10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.01.032

Lu L, Li X, Cheng G. Landscape evolution in the middle Heihe river basin of north-west China during the last decade. Journal of Arid Environments 2003; 53(3): 395-408. 10.1006/jare.2002.1032

Melendez-Pastor I, Hernández EI, Navarro-Pedreño J, Gómez I. Socioeconomic factors influencing land cover changes in rural areas: the case of the Sierra de Albarracín (Spain). Applied Geography 2014; 52: 34-45. 10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.04.013

Metzger JP. O que é ecologia de paisagens? Biota Neotropica [Internet] 2001 [cited 2020 Mar. 17]; 1(1/2): 1-9. Available from: Available from: https://bit.ly/2IPX0mO

Munteanu C, Kuemmerle T, Boltiziar M, Butsic V, Gimmi U, Halada L et al. Forest and agricultural land change in the Carpathian region: a meta-analysis of long-term patterns and drivers of change. Land Use Policy 2014; 38: 685-697. 10.1016/j.landusepol.2014.01.012

Nainggolan D, De Vente J, Boix-Fayos C, Termansen M, Hubacek K, Reed MS. Afforestation, agricultural abandonment and intensification: competing trajectories in semi-arid Mediterranean agro-ecosystems. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2012; 159: 90-104. 10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.023

Oksanen J, Blanchet FG, Kindt R, Legendre P, O’Hara RG, Simpson GL et al. Vegan: community ecology package. R package version 1.17-5 [software]. 2010 Dec. 18 [cited 2015 Mar. 2]. Available from: Available from: https://bit.ly/33pMXhC .

Oliveira-Filho AT, Budke JC, Jarenkow JA, Eisenlohr PV, Neves DRM. Delving into the variations in tree species composition and richness across South American subtropical Atlantic and Pampean forests. Journal of Plant Ecology 2015; 8(3): 242-260. 10.1093/jpe/rtt058

Ottinger M, Kuenzer C, Liu G, Wang S, Dech S. Monitoring land cover dynamics in the Yellow river delta from 1995 to 2010 based on Landsat 5 TM. Applied Geography 2013; 44: 53-68. 10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.07.003

Parcerisas L, Marull J, Pino J, Tello E, Coll F, Basnou C. Land use changes, landscape ecology and their socioeconomic driving forces in the Spanish Mediterranean coast (El Maresme County, 1850-2005). Environmental Science & Policy 2012; 23: 120-132. 10.1016/j.envsci.2012.08.002

Parsons AJ. Abandonment of agricultural land, agricultural policy and land degradation in Mediterranean Europe. In: Mueller EN, Wainwright J, Parsons AJ, Turnbull L, editors. Patterns of land degradation in drylands. Netherlands: Springer; 2014. p. 357-366.

Peterson JM, Caldas MM, Bergtold JS, Sturm BS, Graves RW, Earnhart D et al. Economic linkages to changing landscapes. Environmental Management 2014; 53(1): 55-66. 10.1007/s00267-013-0116-7

Piran N. Agricultura familiar: lutas e perspectivas no Alto Uruguai. Erechim: EdiFAPES; 2001.

Piran N. Contribuição à caracterização do Alto Uruguai (RS): breve releitura e novos desafios. Perspectiva 2015; 39(4): 53-64.

R Core Team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2015 [cited 2015 Feb. 10]. Available from: Available from: http://www.R-project.org/

Rudel TK. Tree farms: driving forces and regional patterns in the global expansion of forest plantations. Land Use Policy 2009; 26(3): 545-550. 10.1016/j.landusepol.2008.08.003

Simon ALH, Trentin G. Elaboração de cenários recentes de uso da terra utilizando imagens do Google Earth. Ar@cne: revista electrónica de recursos en internet sobre geografía y ciencias sociales 2009; (116).

Su S, Ma X, Xiao R. Agricultural landscape pattern changes in response to urbanization at ecoregional scale. Ecological Indicators 2014; 40: 10-18. 10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.12.013

Turner BL II. Land change science. In: Kitchin R, Thrift N, editors. International encyclopedia of human geography. Oxford: Elsevier; 2009. p. 107-111.

Turner BL II, Lambin EF, Reenberg A. The emergence of land change science for global environmental change and sustainability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007; 104(52): 20666-20671. 10.1073/pnas.0704119104

Turner MG. Landscape ecology: the effect of patterns on process. Annual Review of Ecological Systems 1989; 20: 171-191. 10.1146/annurev.es.20.110189.001131

Zhang J, Niu J, Buyantuev A, Wu J. A multilevel analysis of effects of land use policy on land-cover change and local land use decisions. Journal of Arid Environments 2014; 108: 19-28. 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2014.04.006
 

5ec43b2a0e88253c47ba8f8e floram Articles
Links & Downloads

FLORAM

Share this page
Page Sections